OAuth2

FastAPI Users provides an optional OAuth2 authentication support. It relies on HTTPX OAuth library, which is a pure-async implementation of OAuth2.

Installation

You should install the library with the optional dependencies for OAuth:

pip install 'fastapi-users[sqlalchemy,oauth]'

pip install 'fastapi-users[beanie,oauth]'

Configuration

Instantiate an OAuth2 client

You first need to get an HTTPX OAuth client instance. Read the documentation for more information.

from httpx_oauth.clients.google import GoogleOAuth2

google_oauth_client = GoogleOAuth2("CLIENT_ID", "CLIENT_SECRET")

Setup the database adapter

SQLAlchemy

You'll need to define the SQLAlchemy model for storing OAuth accounts. We provide a base one for this:

from typing import AsyncGenerator, List

from fastapi import Depends
from fastapi_users.db import (
    SQLAlchemyBaseOAuthAccountTableUUID,
    SQLAlchemyBaseUserTableUUID,
    SQLAlchemyUserDatabase,
)
from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession, create_async_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import DeclarativeMeta, declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, sessionmaker

DATABASE_URL = "sqlite+aiosqlite:///./test.db"
Base: DeclarativeMeta = declarative_base()


class OAuthAccount(SQLAlchemyBaseOAuthAccountTableUUID, Base):
    pass


class User(SQLAlchemyBaseUserTableUUID, Base):
    oauth_accounts: List[OAuthAccount] = relationship("OAuthAccount", lazy="joined")


engine = create_async_engine(DATABASE_URL)
async_session_maker = sessionmaker(engine, class_=AsyncSession, expire_on_commit=False)


async def create_db_and_tables():
    async with engine.begin() as conn:
        await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.create_all)


async def get_async_session() -> AsyncGenerator[AsyncSession, None]:
    async with async_session_maker() as session:
        yield session


async def get_user_db(session: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
    yield SQLAlchemyUserDatabase(session, User, OAuthAccount)

Notice that we also manually added a relationship on the UserTable so that SQLAlchemy can properly retrieve the OAuth accounts of the user.

Besides, when instantiating the database adapter, we need pass this SQLAlchemy model as third argument.

Primary key is defined as UUID

By default, we use UUID as a primary key ID for your user. If you want to use another type, like an auto-incremented integer, you can use SQLAlchemyBaseOAuthAccountTable as base class and define your own id and user_id column.

class OAuthAccount(SQLAlchemyBaseOAuthAccountTable[int], Base):
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)

    @declared_attr
    def user_id(cls):
        return Column(Integer, ForeignKey("user.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

Notice that SQLAlchemyBaseOAuthAccountTable expects a generic type to define the actual type of ID you use.

Beanie

The advantage of MongoDB is that you can easily embed sub-objects in a single document. That's why the configuration for Beanie is quite simple. All we need to do is to define another class to structure an OAuth account object.

from typing import List

import motor.motor_asyncio
from beanie import PydanticObjectId
from fastapi_users.db import BaseOAuthAccount, BeanieBaseUser, BeanieUserDatabase
from pydantic import Field

DATABASE_URL = "mongodb://localhost:27017"
client = motor.motor_asyncio.AsyncIOMotorClient(
    DATABASE_URL, uuidRepresentation="standard"
)
db = client["database_name"]


class OAuthAccount(BaseOAuthAccount):
    pass


class User(BeanieBaseUser[PydanticObjectId]):
    oauth_accounts: List[OAuthAccount] = Field(default_factory=list)


async def get_user_db():
    yield BeanieUserDatabase(User)

It's worth to note that OAuthAccount is not a Beanie document but a Pydantic model that we'll embed inside the User document, through the oauth_accounts array.

Generate a router

Once you have a FastAPIUsers instance, you can make it generate a single OAuth router for a given client and authentication backend.

app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_oauth_router(google_oauth_client, auth_backend, "SECRET"),
    prefix="/auth/google",
    tags=["auth"],
)

Full example

Warning

Notice that SECRET should be changed to a strong passphrase. Insecure passwords may give attackers full access to your database.

SQLAlchemy

Open

requirements.txtmain.pyapp/app.pyapp/db.pyapp/schemas.pyapp/users.py

fastapi
fastapi-users[sqlalchemy]
uvicorn[standard]
aiosqlite

import uvicorn

if __name__ == "__main__":
    uvicorn.run("app.app:app", host="0.0.0.0", log_level="info")

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI

from app.db import User, create_db_and_tables
from app.schemas import UserCreate, UserRead, UserUpdate
from app.users import (
    auth_backend,
    current_active_user,
    fastapi_users,
    google_oauth_client,
)

app = FastAPI()

app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_auth_router(auth_backend), prefix="/auth/jwt", tags=["auth"]
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_register_router(UserRead, UserCreate),
    prefix="/auth",
    tags=["auth"],
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_reset_password_router(),
    prefix="/auth",
    tags=["auth"],
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_verify_router(UserRead),
    prefix="/auth",
    tags=["auth"],
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_users_router(UserRead, UserUpdate),
    prefix="/users",
    tags=["users"],
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_oauth_router(google_oauth_client, auth_backend, "SECRET"),
    prefix="/auth/google",
    tags=["auth"],
)


@app.get("/authenticated-route")
async def authenticated_route(user: User = Depends(current_active_user)):
    return {"message": f"Hello {user.email}!"}


@app.on_event("startup")
async def on_startup():
    # Not needed if you setup a migration system like Alembic
    await create_db_and_tables()

from typing import AsyncGenerator, List

from fastapi import Depends
from fastapi_users.db import (
    SQLAlchemyBaseOAuthAccountTableUUID,
    SQLAlchemyBaseUserTableUUID,
    SQLAlchemyUserDatabase,
)
from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession, create_async_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import DeclarativeMeta, declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, sessionmaker

DATABASE_URL = "sqlite+aiosqlite:///./test.db"
Base: DeclarativeMeta = declarative_base()


class OAuthAccount(SQLAlchemyBaseOAuthAccountTableUUID, Base):
    pass


class User(SQLAlchemyBaseUserTableUUID, Base):
    oauth_accounts: List[OAuthAccount] = relationship("OAuthAccount", lazy="joined")


engine = create_async_engine(DATABASE_URL)
async_session_maker = sessionmaker(engine, class_=AsyncSession, expire_on_commit=False)


async def create_db_and_tables():
    async with engine.begin() as conn:
        await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.create_all)


async def get_async_session() -> AsyncGenerator[AsyncSession, None]:
    async with async_session_maker() as session:
        yield session


async def get_user_db(session: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
    yield SQLAlchemyUserDatabase(session, User, OAuthAccount)

import uuid

from fastapi_users import schemas


class UserRead(schemas.BaseUser[uuid.UUID]):
    pass


class UserCreate(schemas.BaseUserCreate):
    pass


class UserUpdate(schemas.BaseUserUpdate):
    pass

import os
import uuid
from typing import Optional

from fastapi import Depends, Request
from fastapi_users import BaseUserManager, FastAPIUsers, UUIDIDMixin
from fastapi_users.authentication import (
    AuthenticationBackend,
    BearerTransport,
    JWTStrategy,
)
from fastapi_users.db import SQLAlchemyUserDatabase
from httpx_oauth.clients.google import GoogleOAuth2

from app.db import User, get_user_db

SECRET = "SECRET"

google_oauth_client = GoogleOAuth2(
    os.getenv("GOOGLE_OAUTH_CLIENT_ID", ""),
    os.getenv("GOOGLE_OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET", ""),
)


class UserManager(UUIDIDMixin, BaseUserManager[User, uuid.UUID]):
    reset_password_token_secret = SECRET
    verification_token_secret = SECRET

    async def on_after_register(self, user: User, request: Optional[Request] = None):
        print(f"User {user.id} has registered.")

    async def on_after_forgot_password(
        self, user: User, token: str, request: Optional[Request] = None
    ):
        print(f"User {user.id} has forgot their password. Reset token: {token}")

    async def on_after_request_verify(
        self, user: User, token: str, request: Optional[Request] = None
    ):
        print(f"Verification requested for user {user.id}. Verification token: {token}")


async def get_user_manager(user_db: SQLAlchemyUserDatabase = Depends(get_user_db)):
    yield UserManager(user_db)


bearer_transport = BearerTransport(tokenUrl="auth/jwt/login")


def get_jwt_strategy() -> JWTStrategy:
    return JWTStrategy(secret=SECRET, lifetime_seconds=3600)


auth_backend = AuthenticationBackend(
    name="jwt",
    transport=bearer_transport,
    get_strategy=get_jwt_strategy,
)

fastapi_users = FastAPIUsers[User, uuid.UUID](get_user_manager, [auth_backend])

current_active_user = fastapi_users.current_user(active=True)

Beanie

Open

requirements.txtmain.pyapp/app.pyapp/db.pyapp/schemas.pyapp/users.py

fastapi
fastapi-users[beanie]
uvicorn[standard]

import uvicorn

if __name__ == "__main__":
    uvicorn.run("app.app:app", host="0.0.0.0", log_level="info")

from beanie import init_beanie
from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI

from app.db import User, db
from app.schemas import UserCreate, UserRead, UserUpdate
from app.users import (
    auth_backend,
    current_active_user,
    fastapi_users,
    google_oauth_client,
)

app = FastAPI()

app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_auth_router(auth_backend), prefix="/auth/jwt", tags=["auth"]
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_register_router(UserRead, UserCreate),
    prefix="/auth",
    tags=["auth"],
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_reset_password_router(),
    prefix="/auth",
    tags=["auth"],
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_verify_router(UserRead),
    prefix="/auth",
    tags=["auth"],
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_users_router(UserRead, UserUpdate),
    prefix="/users",
    tags=["users"],
)
app.include_router(
    fastapi_users.get_oauth_router(google_oauth_client, auth_backend, "SECRET"),
    prefix="/auth/google",
    tags=["auth"],
)


@app.get("/authenticated-route")
async def authenticated_route(user: User = Depends(current_active_user)):
    return {"message": f"Hello {user.email}!"}


@app.on_event("startup")
async def on_startup():
    await init_beanie(
        database=db,
        document_models=[
            User,
        ],
    )

from typing import List

import motor.motor_asyncio
from beanie import PydanticObjectId
from fastapi_users.db import BaseOAuthAccount, BeanieBaseUser, BeanieUserDatabase
from pydantic import Field

DATABASE_URL = "mongodb://localhost:27017"
client = motor.motor_asyncio.AsyncIOMotorClient(
    DATABASE_URL, uuidRepresentation="standard"
)
db = client["database_name"]


class OAuthAccount(BaseOAuthAccount):
    pass


class User(BeanieBaseUser[PydanticObjectId]):
    oauth_accounts: List[OAuthAccount] = Field(default_factory=list)


async def get_user_db():
    yield BeanieUserDatabase(User)

from beanie import PydanticObjectId
from fastapi_users import schemas


class UserRead(schemas.BaseUser[PydanticObjectId]):
    pass


class UserCreate(schemas.BaseUserCreate):
    pass


class UserUpdate(schemas.BaseUserUpdate):
    pass

import os
from typing import Optional

from beanie import PydanticObjectId
from fastapi import Depends, Request
from fastapi_users import BaseUserManager, FastAPIUsers
from fastapi_users.authentication import (
    AuthenticationBackend,
    BearerTransport,
    JWTStrategy,
)
from fastapi_users.db import BeanieUserDatabase, ObjectIDIDMixin
from httpx_oauth.clients.google import GoogleOAuth2

from app.db import User, get_user_db

SECRET = "SECRET"

google_oauth_client = GoogleOAuth2(
    os.getenv("GOOGLE_OAUTH_CLIENT_ID", ""),
    os.getenv("GOOGLE_OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET", ""),
)


class UserManager(ObjectIDIDMixin, BaseUserManager[User, PydanticObjectId]):
    reset_password_token_secret = SECRET
    verification_token_secret = SECRET

    async def on_after_register(self, user: User, request: Optional[Request] = None):
        print(f"User {user.id} has registered.")

    async def on_after_forgot_password(
        self, user: User, token: str, request: Optional[Request] = None
    ):
        print(f"User {user.id} has forgot their password. Reset token: {token}")

    async def on_after_request_verify(
        self, user: User, token: str, request: Optional[Request] = None
    ):
        print(f"Verification requested for user {user.id}. Verification token: {token}")


async def get_user_manager(user_db: BeanieUserDatabase = Depends(get_user_db)):
    yield UserManager(user_db)


bearer_transport = BearerTransport(tokenUrl="auth/jwt/login")


def get_jwt_strategy() -> JWTStrategy:
    return JWTStrategy(secret=SECRET, lifetime_seconds=3600)


auth_backend = AuthenticationBackend(
    name="jwt",
    transport=bearer_transport,
    get_strategy=get_jwt_strategy,
)

fastapi_users = FastAPIUsers[User, PydanticObjectId](get_user_manager, [auth_backend])

current_active_user = fastapi_users.current_user(active=True)